Kupernik Nikula d amussnayyur, aẓar-is d apuluni. Ittwassen s teẓri I d-iqqaren : iṭij d areggag (ur ittmimiḍ ara) di tlemmast n umeγrad (univers).Amaḍal itezzi γef yiman-is abrid i wass, deg usseggwas γef iṭij (système hélicocentrique).

Kupernik ilul ass n 19 di furar 1473 di temdint n Torun di tmurt n Pulunya, gar twacult n imzenza (marchands) d yinawuren (fonctionnaires) . Xal-is Lukas Watzelrude imended γef tγuri ines. Deg usseggwas n 1491, Kupernik ikcem γer tesdawit n Krakubi, syin akkin iruḥ ar tmurt Ṭelyan ad iγer tussna n tijjit (médecine) d wezref di Padu (tasdawit anda isγer, kra n 100 issegwassen d asawen, umussnaw ameqqwran Galili).
Deg usseggwas n 1497, yuγ timsirin γef wezref di tesdawit n Bologne, din i yezdi taxxamt d usalmad amussnak Dominico Maria Novara (1454-1504). Kupernik, ilha-d s trakalt (géographie) d tussnayyurt (astronomie).
Deg usseggwas 1500, ifka isaragen γef tussnayyurt di Rome.
Deg usseggwas 1503, Kupernik ikfa Duktura-ines n uzref, di Ferrare.

Seg usseggwas 1503 ar usseggwas 1510, Kupernik illa γer xal-is di Plogne. Gar usseggwas 1507 d usseggwas 1515, ikfa adlis γef tussnayyurt De Hypothesibus Motuum Coelestium a se Commentariolus.
Deg usseggwas 1512, Kupernik ittekka di tesmilt I teknawt (comission de réforme) n uszemz. Deg usseggwas 1517, yura-d adlis γef isurdiyen, ibda lsas n udlis-is De Revolutionbus Orbitum Coelestium I ikfa deg usseggwas 1530.

Send tegrawla takupernikit, imussnawen la d-qqaren: amaḍal ur ittmimiḍ ara. Tiknurin (planètes) illan tezzint I umaḍal.
Anagraw akuperniki (système de Copernic) ibedd γef:
- Yiwet : amaḍal itezzi deg yiwen wass γef yiman-is, deg usseggwas γef iṭij.
- Tis-snat, tiknurin nniḍden zgant tezzint γef iṭij.

S waya, Kupernik isebrurez-ed amek illa wass d yiḍ.
Maca, ayen i d-inna, di lqern XVI, d kra kan imussnawen I t)irefden; I t-yumnen; tugett ugin ayen I d-yenna; ayen id- yufa.


Mack A.U. d Yusef A.I.